The Ten Essentials

by Brennan Jungling

The ten essentials are a core list of items that can make your time in the backcountry a safer more enjoyable experience. Originally compiled in the 1930s by “The Mountaineers”, a Washington based alpine club, the ten essentials include the necessities to cover the most basic human needs. While the principles of the ten essentials have remained the same since the 1930s, the variety of outdoor gear has changed, and today’s adventurer is likely to tailor their list to suit the individual and the nature of the trip. Presented below you will find the 10 essentials and options to fulfill each category.

 

  1. Navigation: map, compass, GPS device, personal locater/satellite messenger. The availability of GPS devices, personal locator beacons and satellite messengers has increased significantly in recent years, but it is still important to become familiar with the use of a map and compass for navigation (consider these skills the cornerstone of navigation and everything else a helpful aid).

 

  1. Illumination: headlamp, flashlight, lantern.

Even on day trips, carrying some form of lighting is essential. Whether it be an emergency or a miscalculation in plans that finds you out in the dark, illumination is crucial for safely navigating in the dark. Check the life of your batteries and consider bringing extra depending on the circumstances. Often times a headlamp is the best choice as they allow for hands free use.

*It is best not to store batteries within the device for extended periods as it may lead to corrosion.

 

  1. First Aid Kit: Pre-assembled kit, insect repellent, blister care, medications.

Carrying a first aid kit and knowing how to use the contents, is an

essential part of any trip. Often it is easier to start with a pre-assembled

first aid kit and add any supplemental items you may need depending on

your particular outing. Items most frequently added include bug spray,

blister kits and medications. *Always check the expiry date of the contents

and familiarize yourself with the layout of the kit.

 

  1. Hydration: Water, filter/purifier, tablets.

Staying hydrated is important in any scenario but it is of particular importance when being active in the backcountry, dehydration effects our clarity of thought and can become debilitating in a worse case scenario. Carrying an ample supply of water and the means to prepare additional water is essential. Individual water requirements will vary but it is best to stay ahead of the curve and hydrate often; drink before you feel thirsty and prepare water well in advance of it being required. *Test water treatment devices/check expiry dates before packing.

 

  1. Fire: Matches, lighter, fire starter, pack stove.

Fire serves many purposes, it provides heat for staying warm and cooking, as well as increased visibility in a rescue situation. *Check with park regulations and fire authorities before leaving for your destination.

 

  1. Emergency Shelter: Bivy, tent, tarp, space blanket.

Carrying an emergency shelter is crucial so as to provide protection from severe weather or exposure in the event of an emergency. *Be sure to familiarize yourself with the use of your shelter before setting out on adventure.

 

 

  1. Nutrition/Extra Food: Energy bars, trail mix, non-cook items.

It is a good policy to pack at minimum, an extra days worth of food, preferably items with high nutritional value that do not require any preparation

 

  1. Repair Kit and Tools: Duct tape, knife, multi-tool, sewing kit, extra buckles.

Packing a basic repair kit can be the difference between a minor inconvenience and a trip ending problem. Consider the gear you are bringing and the nature of your trip; what is most likely to break and what kind of impact would it have?

 

  1. Sun Protection: Sunglasses, sunscreen, hat, UPF rated clothing.

Damage from the sun impacts us in a number of ways and can be made more likely by certain surroundings such as snow or water. Avoiding sun damage is crucial in minimizing the likelihood of damage, such as sunburn, snowblindness, premature aging, skin cancer and cataracts.

 

  1. Insulation/Layers: Rain shell, mid layer, base layer, hat, gloves

Plan for the unexpected, whether that is variable weather conditions or an unexpected trip extension, its best to pack for the worst-case scenario. Familiarize yourself with the numerous materials available in outdoor clothing and how they may be a benefit or detriment in the various scenarios you may encounter.

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